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Where is Emperor Yan’s Mausoleum?

Emperor Yan was born around 6,000 to 5,500 years ago on the shore of Jiangshui (now in Baoji City), but later migrated to Hubei, Hunan, Shanxi and other places, so there are five hometowns of Emperor Yan in the country.

Baoji in Shaanxi, Suizhou in Hubei, Yanling County in Hunan, Huitong County and Gaojian in Shanxi are regarded as the hometown of Emperor Yan.

The Mausoleum of Emperor Yan in Yanling County, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province

The Yan Emperor Shennong was “born in Lieshan” and “grown in Jiangshui”, and was buried in “the end of Changsha Tea Township”, that is, the Mausoleum of Emperor Yan in Yanling County, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province. The “Emperor Century” written by Huangfu Mi of the Jin Dynasty records that the Yan Emperor Shennong “remained for 120 years and collapsed, and was buried in Changsha”.

The “History of the Road” written by Luo Mi in the Song Dynasty records that “the end of the Changsha Tea Township was collapsed and buried, called Chaling, the so-called tomb of the Son of Heaven.”

In the Southern Song Dynasty Geographical General Chronicle “Yu Di Ji Sheng” edited by Wang Xiangzhi, the record is more specific: “The tomb of Emperor Yan is in Bailuyuan, Kangle Township, South Baili County, Chaling County”.

Mausoleum of Emperor Yan, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province

Baoji is the hometown of Emperor Yan and one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. As far back as 5,000 years ago in the ancient times, the Jiang tribe, led by Emperor Shennong Yan, lived here.

The Mausoleum of Emperor Yan, located on Changyang Mountain in Shennong Town, Weibin District, Baoji City, is the main place for the descendants of Yan and Huang to seek their roots and worship their ancestors.

According to the saying of “Eighth Emperor Yan”, the first and second Yan Emperors were both born and buried here, and the eighth Yan Emperor was buried in Lingxian County, Hunan Province, and was later renamed Yanling County. If only according to I, Emperor Yan only existed in Baoji.

Mausoleum of Emperor Yan, Gaoping City, Shanxi Province

According to the stele of “Continuing the Repair of Emperor Yan’s Concubine’s Statue and Adding to the Warm Palace” during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty: “The Mausoleum and Temple of Emperor Yan’s Shennong has been handed down from dynasties and contained in the sacrificial ceremonies. .

“In the eleventh year of Ming Chenghua (1475) in the palace of Emperor Yan of Guan, it was recorded in “Rebuilding the Monument of Emperor Yan’s Palace”: “Shennong Yandi’s palace is in front of Guguanli Village, Zhaoji is too ancient, and there is no text test. The tomb is surrounded by wooden fences, but the temple and the palace are more than 700 paces away. ”

Gaoping County Chronicle records: “In ancient times, Emperor Yan’s mausoleum was said to be in a town forty miles north of the county, where the emperor tasted grains. Later generations thought of it as a mausoleum. There was a temple behind the mausoleum, where offering sacrifices in the spring and autumn, and the stone table is still there.”

Ming Zhengfan Zhu Zaiyu wrote in the article “New Records of Sheep’s Head Mountain”: “The southeast of the mountain is called Guguan Village, the east of the village is called Huanma Town, and there are ancient tombs in the southeast of the town, and the site is sixty from east to west. There are hundreds of steps in the north and south, dense pines and cypresses, according to legend, it is the Mausoleum of Emperor Yan, there are stone railings and pillars, and they are covered with gold and yuan.”

There is a cypress root in the temple courtyard with a circumference of 6 meters. Based on this, it is inferred that the Wugu Temple has a history of at least thousands of years. Every year on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, it is the ancestor worship festival of Yandi Mausoleum and Wugu Temple. The surrounding villages, such as Guguan, Beiying, Changma, Zhuangli, and Kouzei, hold grand temple fairs for nearly a month.

There is a folk song “Going to Yangzhou, going down to Hankou, it is better to be the head of the Wugu Temple”, which describes the grand occasion of the temple fair at that time, and the dynasties and dynasties, the annual sacrifice. In the ninth year of Emperor Chengzong’s Dade in the Yuan Dynasty (1305), he also tasted the sacrificial offerings, and it was forbidden to pick woodcutters. In the past, the county government also sent staff to Zhuangli Yandi Mausoleum every year to offer sacrifices, and to add oil to the Wannian Lantern.

Mausoleum of Emperor Yan, Shangqiu City, Henan Province

Zhuxiang’s Mausoleum: It is the tomb of the ancient Zhuxiang’s. The mausoleum is circular in shape and has a clay structure. The mausoleum is 10.9 meters high, 158 meters in circumference and 50 meters in diameter. The surrounding area of ​​the tomb is built with bluestone, which is 1.5 meters high. Around the tomb, there are bluestone steps with a height of 50 cm, which means “the sky is round and the place is round”.

The mausoleum is large in scale and magnificent. In front of the mausoleum, there is a stele inscribed with “The Mausoleum of Emperor Yan of Zhu Xiang”, one incense pond and four stele towers. Zhu Xiang was one of the ancient emperors, namely Emperor Yan.

According to the annotation of “Ciyuan”: “The nickname of Emperor Zhuxiang’s Yan Emperor.” “Lv’s Spring and Autumn Period” and “Lu Shi” record: “Zhecheng is the town of Zhuxiang’s family.” The land of Zhu Huan.” According to “Zhecheng County Chronicle”: “The tomb of Zhu Xiang’s family is in the east of the county, and has been silted for a long time.”

There is Zhugu Temple in ten li of the city gate to guard it. “After the Ming and Qing dynasties, it has been restored. According to legend, Zhu Yunwen, Emperor Hui, escaped to the Bojiaji (Dazhuji), where he often went to the Zhugu Temple in front of the mausoleum to burn incense to worship his ancestors, and planted a saponin tree in front of the mausoleum, which is still alive today. With lush foliage and pavilions, after liberation, provincial and municipal cultural departments sent people to examine it many times.