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What countries does the Netherlands consist of?

The Kingdom of the Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy complex consisting of the Netherlands, Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten. The powers of the Dutch government are limited to national defense, foreign affairs, nationality and extradition. In addition to the above powers, each constituent country has full autonomy and autonomy.

Netherlands

The Netherlands was under the rule of the Austrian Habsburgs and the Spanish Habsburgs before 1648. In 1568, the Eighty Years’ War against Spanish rule broke out. The Netherlands was established in 1581. Holland is the largest, richest and most powerful province in the Netherlands. The Chinese translation of “Netherlands” comes from the word “Holland”.

After the signing of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, Spain officially recognized its independence. In the 17th century, the national power reached its peak and became the most powerful maritime hegemon in the world at that time, known as the sea coachman. After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, it merged with Belgium to form the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. Belgium became independent in 1831. A constitutional monarchy was established in 1848. It is also one of the founding countries of NATO and a member of international organizations such as the Schengen Convention, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.

Known for its seawalls, windmills, tulips and a tolerant society, it has some of the most liberal laws in the world on drugs, sex trafficking and abortion. The Netherlands was the first country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage and euthanasia. Ranked second in the 2018 Global Innovation Index. From January 2020, the Netherlands will adopt a new national logo.

• Aruba

Aruba is an island in the Caribbean Sea, located off the Gulf of Venezuela in the north of Venezuela, a South American country, only about 25 kilometers from the Paraguana Peninsula. Aruba is currently an autonomous country in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, and its relationship with the Netherlands is similar to a Commonwealth system. Due to the dry climate and the small number of common tropical plants, the scene on the island is very different from the existing impression of the Caribbean Sea.

Aruba is located about 80 kilometers (50 miles) northwest of the island of Curacao and 29 kilometers (18 miles) north of Venezuela’s Paraguana peninsula. Part of the Netherlands Antilles until 1986, Aruba became a separate autonomous territory of the Netherlands in 1986.

• Curacao

Curaçao is an island in the southern Caribbean Sea, off the coast of Venezuela. The island is part of the Netherlands Antilles, an autonomous territory of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The capital of Curacao is the port city of Willemstad, which is also the capital of the Netherlands Antilles. Curacao and its neighbours, Aruba and Bonaire, which are both Dutch territories, are often collectively referred to as the “ABC Islands”. With an area of ​​444 square kilometers, Curacao is the largest island in the Netherlands Antilles. The total population in 2016 was 159,999, and the population density was 360.4 people per square kilometer.

• St. Maarten

The island territory of Sint Maarten (Dutch: Eilandgebied Sint Maarten), referred to as Sint Maarten. It was originally one of the five island regions (Eilandgebieden) under the jurisdiction of the Netherlands Antilles (Dutch: Nederlandse Antillen), covering an area of ​​34 square kilometers. , now an autonomous country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (English: Autonomous country), population 33119, capital Philipsburg, located in the middle of the Eastern Caribbean Sea, adjacent to the Atlantic Ocean.