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What continent is Egypt in?

The Arab Republic of Egypt (Arabic: جمهوريّة مصرالعربيّة‎, English: The Arab Republic of Egypt), referred to as “Egypt”. Located in the northeast of Africa, it is located in the transportation hub of the three continents of Europe, Asia and Africa, and is a shortcut for the sea route between the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean. It borders Sudan in the south, Libya in the west, Palestine and Israel in the east, the Mediterranean Sea in the north, and Jordan and Saudi Arabia in the southeast. The official language of Egypt is Arabic. Due to historical reasons, English, French is also widely spoken, and the Copts speak Coptic, a language derived from ancient Egyptian.

Ancient Egypt is one of the four ancient civilizations in the world and the earliest kingdom in the world. They built the world-famous pyramids and the Valley of the Kings. In 3200 BC, slavery was established to unify the country. It belonged to the Persian Empire in 525 BC and was ruled by Rome in 30 BC. It was invaded by Arabs in 640 AD and became a province of the Ottoman Empire in 1517. It was ruled by France from 1798 to 1801 and became a British colony in 1882.

Gained independence in 1922. Nasser overthrew the Farouk dynasty in 1952 and established the Republic of Egypt in 1953. In 1956 the Suez Canal was declared nationalized. In 1958, it formed the United Arab Republic with Syria, and changed its current name in 1971.

Egypt is the most populous country in the Middle East and the second most populous country in Africa. It has long been in the leading position in Africa in terms of economy and technology. It is also the third largest economy on the African continent. Its various important industries, such as tourism, agriculture, industry and service industry, have almost the same proportion of development. Egypt is also considered a medium power with extensive influence especially in North Africa, the Middle East and the Islamic faith.

Population ethnicity

National population: 100 million (as of February 11, 2020). Islam is the state religion, and believers are mainly Sunni, accounting for 84% of the total population. Coptic Christians and other believers make up about 16%.

According to data released by the Egyptian National Bureau of Statistics, by the end of August 2012, the population of Egypt had reached 91 million. In addition to the millions of people who emigrated abroad, the population living in this ancient land of Egypt is as high as 83 million, ranking first in West Asia and North Africa. According to the estimation of the Egyptian government, this number will exceed 100 million before 2025.

In 2006, the total population of Egypt was only 76.5 million. In less than 6 years since then, the population of Egypt has soared by more than 18%, with a net increase of about 14.5 million people. In addition, Egypt’s population is highly concentrated. Egypt has a land area of ​​just over 1 million square kilometers, which is not considered large in the Middle East and Africa. Moreover, about 95% of the country’s land area is uninhabitable desert, and the inhabitable land area is only more than 50,000 square kilometers.

Therefore, nearly half of Egypt’s population is concentrated in the Nile Delta region, which covers an area of ​​about 24,000 square kilometers and is also the richest in Egypt. In addition, the population of Greater Cairo, the capital, is as high as nearly 20 million, accounting for nearly a quarter of the country’s population.

On February 11, 2020, the real-time population counter of residents hanging outside the building of Egypt’s Central Public Mobilization and Statistics Bureau attracted much attention. At around 2:30 pm, as the number on the counter rose to nine figures for the first time, Egypt became the fourteenth country in the world with a population of over 100 million.

Climate characteristics

The country is dry and rainless, and the climate is hot and dry. Southern Egypt has a tropical desert climate, with relatively high temperatures in summer and large temperature differences between day and night. The Nile Delta and the northern coastal areas have a subtropical Mediterranean climate with a relatively mild climate, while most of the rest of the country has a tropical desert climate. The White Nile originates in the savannah climate zone of the southern hemisphere, while the Blue Nile originates in the savannah climate zone of the northern hemisphere. The flood seasons of the two rivers are different.

The average temperature is 12°C in January and 26°C in July; the whole area is dry and rainless, with an average annual precipitation of 50-200 mm. Most of the rest of the country has a tropical desert climate, which is hot and dry, and the temperature can reach 40°C. From April to May every year, there is often a “Pencent wind”, which entrains sand and stones and damages crops.