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How did the Ancient Egyptians keep time
Ancient Egypt, one of the four ancient civilizations, is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Nile River in northeastern Africa (now the Middle East). About 7,400 years ago, settlement organizations and city-states began to emerge around the Fayoum area, and then a country was formed.
The ancient Egyptian civilization was first formed about 7,450 years ago in the Fayoum area of Lower Egypt (about 5450 BC), and ended in (AD 639) The Arab Empire Islamized it.
5,150 years ago (about 3,150 BC) the unification of northern and southern Egypt was completed, and the world’s first unified country was established. Its dynasties continued and changed for as long as three thousand years, until Rome conquered Egypt in 30 BC. Dynasty (Ptolemaic Dynasty).
The ancient Egyptian kingdom has gone through successively: the former dynasty, the early dynasty, the ancient kingdom, the first intermediate period, the middle kingdom, the second intermediate period, the new kingdom, the third intermediate period, the late kingdom, and the Ptolemaic dynasty, a total of 10 periods, The rule of 33 dynasties (including 0 to 32nd dynasty).
Ancient Egypt had a considerable level of astronomical knowledge. They established a calendar, the Coptic calendar, by observing the movement of the sun and α Canis Major (that is, Sirius, which was called “Sob Ud” in ancient Egypt, meaning the water star). The ancient Egyptians set a year as 365 days, 12 months a year, 30 days a month, and the remaining 5 days as festivals.
The practice of using the solar calendar in ancient Egypt is the earliest in the world, and this calendar is similar to what we use today. The ancient Egyptians divided a year into 3 seasons with 4 months in each season. They also invented two kinds of timers, the water clock and the sundial (that is, timed by the reflection of the sun), and divided each day into 24 hours.
Archeology has discovered that the ancient Egyptians knew many constellations, such as Cygnus, Shepherds, Cassiopeia, Orion, Scorpio, Aries, and the Pleiades. In addition, the ancient Egyptians also divided the zodiac stars and constellations into 36 groups, and added ten days to the calendar. One ten days is 10 days, which is similar to the concept of ten days in the Chinese lunar calendar. The concept of a decana has been around since at least the third dynasty of Egypt.
The ancient Egyptians are one of the oldest human races in the world. The primitive society of the Egyptians began with the Egyptian Homo erectus 2 million years ago. They were the earliest humans in Egypt. Their common ancestor belonged to the ancient apes, mainly in The Protospes and Apes in the Fayoum Depression of Egypt are about 28-26 million years ago. The life of Homo erectus in Fayoum, Egypt reflects the activities of the earliest humans in Egypt.
About 9,000 years ago, people settled in the Nile Valley, and began to build houses and villages on the banks to carry out agricultural and animal husbandry production activities. 7,500 years ago, an early city appeared in the Fayoum area of Lower Egypt, and began to use copper, laying the foundation for the formation of civilization.
Archaeological excavations near Lake Fayoum have shown that as early as 5450 BC, the Egyptian ancestors living here cultivated barley and wheat. Another site, Merimda, also located on the west bank of the Nile, is dated to 4800 BC.
