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Migraine
Migraine
Migraine is a neurological disease. resulting in throbbing pain violently rhythmically Often found pain on one side of the head.
Migraine is a neurological disease. resulting in throbbing pain violently rhythmically Often found pain on one side of the head. The pain can last for hours. or continuously for several days Other symptoms are often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light, sound, smell and touch. The severity of the disease ranges from mild to severe.
Symptoms of the disease
Symptoms are divided into four stages and can occur in people of any age.
1. Prodrome Stage
Before the migraine begins There are often early symptoms such as mood swings, constipation, hunger, stiff neck, frequent yawning, thirst, and increased frequency of urination.
2. Aura Stage
The warning signs of a migraine often begin with vision impairment and sensitivity to light. In some cases, this may result in temporary vision loss. or getting a worse picture which is a warning sign of a nervous system disorder There may also be a common sensory disorder. such as sensitivity to smell hearing noise The signs may be more severe in some people and result in an inability to control body movements. or numbness in an arm or leg These symptoms usually last for about 20-60 minutes.
3. Attack Stage
After the warning phase is over, an intense throbbing pain usually occurs on one side of the head. often having dizziness and with nausea and vomiting These symptoms may continue to occur along with the symptoms that appear in the early warning phase. especially sensory and light sensitivity
4. Postdrome Stage
What happens after the intense pain of migraine varies from person to person. Most of the time, fatigue and confusion occur during the first day. But it was found that some patients had clearer symptoms, however, the sudden movement of the body. May cause recurrent migraine pain.
people with severe headaches with nausea, vomiting, stiff neck, confusion, or speech disorders Should be diagnosed quickly by a doctor. as well as patients with severe pain after a head injury. Should consult a medical professional ASAP.
Cause of Disease
The cause of migraines is unclear. but found that environmental factors And genetic mechanisms can be involved in migraine symptoms. Studies have shown that an imbalance of substances in the brain such as serotonin and amino peptides related genetic mechanism (CGRP) contributes to the disease
In addition to the above genetic causes Some triggers have also been found to increase the likelihood of migraines, such as stress, altered sleep. physical factors receiving certain drugs and hormonal changes in women
In general, migraines are three times more common in females than males, due to triggers such as hormonal changes. both during the menstrual cycle during pregnancy or during the golden age use of certain hormonal drugs It also affects the symptoms of migraines. It was found that some patients showed more severe symptoms after using these drugs. but at the same time found Migraine symptoms may improve after using the same medication in some cases.
In addition to gender variables found that people with family members who have migraines have a higher chance of showing symptoms of the disease as well
Treatment
Treatment for migraines is usually based on medication and can be divided into two types, depending on the purpose of treatment.
1. Medication to relieve pain
2. Medication to prevent disease symptoms
There are different types of medications used to treat migraines, and the doctor will choose them differently depending on the condition of each patient. Because each drug is effective and has different side effects.
For example, the following drugs
1. Painkillers
Aspirin pain relievers or ibuprofen It is widely used to relieve mild pain. Overdose may cause headaches over the long term.
2. Triptans
Triptan is a prescription-only medication. The drug will interfere with the brain’s command. thus eliminating the perception of pain. This drug should not be used in patients with heart disease. or blood clots
3. Dihydroergotamines (DHE 45, Migranal)
It is a drug that is considered highly effective in treating the symptoms of migraines. If given within 24 hours of onset of symptoms Some patients may experience more severe nausea and vomiting after taking the drug. Because this drug directly affects the arteries. Patients with coronary artery disease Hypertension, liver or kidney disease should avoid taking the drug.
4. Lasmiditan (Reyvow)
Lasmiditan (Reyvow) is an effective drug for treating various conditions. of migraines, including pain, nausea, and vomiting and sensitivity to light and sound This drug has been shown to cause side effects including: dizziness Therefore, do not drive after using the drug. And this drug should not be used with alcoholic beverages. or other central nervous system depressants
5. Ubrogepant (Ubrelvy)
Ubrogepant (Ubrelvy) is the first genetically-related amino acid oral drug approved for use in severe migraine sufferers. It is effective in treating severe pain. and other symptoms of the disease Both nausea and vomiting and sensitivity to light and sound The drug takes effect within 2 hours of receiving the drug.
6. Opioid medications
It is usually only used when the patient has not responded to treatment with another drug. because it can result in drug addiction
7. Anti-nausea drugs
Medicines to relieve nausea and vomiting It is often used in combination with pain relievers.
