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Psychology Concept Group
Psychology Concept Group
1. mental structure group (Structuralism)
The leader of this group is Wilhelm Wunt. This idea is interested in the study of the structure of human consciousness. with the idea that Human consciousness consists of 3 types of mental elements: feeling, emotion, and imagination . This is not scientific because the data obtained from reporting the feelings of the right person. Education is highly subjective.
2. Group of functions of the mind (Functionalism)
The concept of psychiatric functions focuses on how humans adapt. to the environment Psychologists in this group commented that The mind is the cause of the problem. It is the most important organ that humans use to adapt to survive. This shows the interest of psychologists in studying the relationship between mind and behavior. 3. Behaviorism (Behaviorism) John B Watson, American psychologist. An important concept leader proposed to study human behavior in the observed field. and visible which is considered a scientific study This made Watson regarded as the father of modern psychology. The concept of behaviorism emphasizes that Every behavior must have a cause and that cause can come from any form of stimuli to affect the organic matter. causing organic behavior to respond.
Thinkers in this group often study behaviors through experimental methods and using systematic observation from experiments. They conclude that conditionalization is the main cause of the behavior and that if we know the cause of the behavior, we can change the behavior. can
John B Watson (1878 – 1958), American psychologist and founder of the School of Behaviorism. (behaviorism)
4. Gestalt Psychology
Wertheimer, Maxz, group leader Gestalt
Gestalt Group It is a conceptual group of psychology created by German psychologists to argue against other mental groups. with the idea that The study of consciousness must be studied from human perception. which will focus on the principles relating to the organization of human perception and Studies have shown that humans perceive the whole of a stimulus rather than the smaller parts of the stimulus. In addition to the study of perception This group of psychologists also studies learning, which is regarded as such. The origin of the development of cognitive group psychology
5. Psychoanalysis (Psychoanalysis)
The concept leader of this group is Sigmund Freud, who believes that all behaviors are caused by forces in the unconscious mind. This part of the mind captures thoughts, needs, and experiences that the owner of the mind does not want or desire to remember. therefore suppressing these different feelings into this part of the mind , however, if the needs or feelings that a person retains is still powerful If there is something to stimulate This power will also influence the person to perform some unconscious behavior.
In addition, this group of psychologists believe that all behaviors are caused by The power that resides in the unconscious mind This idea was strongly opposed at first, but it was later adopted by psychoanalysis. of a psychiatrist or treatment for emotional and mental disorders
Sigmund Freud (Sigmund Freud, 1865 – 1539)
6. Intellectual Group Cognitivism:
Cognition refers to the mental process that transforms information that is passed through the senses in different ways. This process works from Reduce the amount of information (Reduced), change the code (Code) and send it to store (Store) in memory and retrieve (Retrieve) when needed . Recognition, imagination, problem solving, remembering and thinking of these words. All describe the steps. When knowledge-thinking occurs This group of psychologists argue that humans are not just passive receptors, but the mind has a process of producing new information or new types.
Human responses depend on how the mind processes information. And with new information or new experiences, the response can change.
7. Humanism
An important leader in humanism was Carl Rogers (Calr R. Rogers, 1902-1987).
Humanistic psychology developed around the 1940s in the belief that we can better understand human nature through the study of perception of a person about himself the personal thoughts he has of other people and the world in which he lives And there is also the belief that we humans have an important attribute that differentiates us from animals. determined to be free We can define ourselves and we are motivated. (Motivational Force) to develop yourself to a more complete level. That shows the reality of oneself , which means developing the knowledge and abilities that one has to the fullest (Self Actualization).
