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Structural features of the Taj Mahal complex

The conception and layout of the Taj Mahal fully reflect the solemn and magnificent characteristics of Islamic architectural art. The whole building is full of philosophy and is a perfect art treasure. All tourists refer to this extraordinary masterpiece of the Indian people as the wonder of India. This Islamic-style building is dignified and immaculate in appearance. The doors, windows and screens of the bedroom are carved out of white marble, and the walls are inlaid with colorful flowers with various gems.

The overall layout of the building complex is complete: the layout is very simple, the mausoleum is the only composition center, it is not located in the center of the square courtyard like Humayun’s Tomb, but at the end of the central axis, with a square grass spread out in front. The second door has a sufficient viewing distance and a good viewing angle, with an elevation angle of about 1:4.5. The color of the building complex is quiet and bright.

Under the blue sky, the green grass supports the crystal white mausoleum and tower, and the ochre-red buildings on both sides reflect it like ice and snow. The reflection is clear, rippling in the clear pool, and the scene is especially charming when the fountain is splashing with mist. The mausoleum built for the deceased is filled with the joy of life.

The mausoleum is solemn and clear, and its composition is stable and stretched: the platform base is wide and roughly in the shape of a square cone with the main body, but the four towers make the outline of the complex ethereal, interspersed with the blue sky. Its shape is refined: the geometry of each part is clear, the relationship between each other is clear, the change of the virtual and the real is certain, there is nothing too trivial, there is no vague thing, and it is honest and frank.

Its proportions are harmonious: there are generally similar geometric relationships between the main parts, for example, the height of the tower (including the platform base) is nearly half of the distance between the two towers, and the height of the central part of the main facade is close to the total width of the facade. Half, the height of the two sides of the facade is nearly half of the width of the facade ignoring the corners, and the rest of the size, height and thickness are also appropriate.

Its primary and secondary categories are distinct: the dome dominates the overall situation and has the largest scale; the concave corridor in the middle is the center of the façade, and the scale is second; the concave corridors on both sides and oblique slopes contrast with the central concave corridor, and the scale is the third; the four corners have the smallest working scale, and they In turn, it brings out the grandeur and grandeur of the center.

In addition, the advance and retreat of layers, the change of light and shadow, the contrast between the virtual and the real caused by the large and small concave corridors, the lively skyline caused by the large and small domes and towers, the domes and the coupons and the soft curves, etc., make the mausoleum outside the solemn commemoration. Also has a cheerful and friendly personality.

Skilled use of the law of unity of opposites in composition : the square main body of the mausoleum and the rounded dome are strongly contrasted in form, but they are unified: they have the same geometric accuracy, and the outline of the front of the main body echoes that of the dome , the width of the central part of the façade is comparable to the diameter of the dome.

At the same time, the transitional connection between the main body and the dome is very ingenious: the main body touches the corners and approaches the circle; small domes are arranged at the four corners of the dome, and they form a square layout; the small domes are round, while the pavilions below them are It is octagonal, echoing with the main body.

The four small domes are similar to the dome and contain contrast: one is the comparison of volume and scale, which reflects the grandeur of the large dome; the other is the contrast between the virtual and the real, which reflects the solemnity of the large dome. The slender towers form the strongest contrast with the mausoleum itself, which mirrors the outer end of the mausoleum in its grandeur.

At the same time, they are also unified: they all have the same dome, they are all concise and simple, and contain the mutual relationship between round and straight forms; and they are closely related in composition, and together they are stabilized by the high platform. Hold, the rectangle formed by the two towers is similar in proportion to the rectangle of the main facade of the mausoleum, and so on. In addition to the appropriate connection, echo, similarity and mutual penetration of the contrasting parts, the very clear master-slave relationship between them ensures the unity and integrity of the mausoleum.

The cemetery is a perfect whole in terms of conception and layout, which fully embodies the solemn and magnificent unique charm of Islamic architectural art. All tourists who have visited this mausoleum are amazed.