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Introduction to Quzhou, China

Introduction to Quzhou, China

Quzhou is a prefecture-level city in Zhejiang Province. It is located in the west of Zhejiang Province, the upper reaches of Qiantang River and the western end of Jin (Hua) Qu (zhou) Basin, with a total area of ​​8844.79 square kilometers. Quzhou is adjacent to Nanping, Fujian in the south, Shangrao and Jingdezhen in Jiangxi in the west, Huangshan in Anhui in the north, and Jinhua, Lishui and Hangzhou in the province in the east.

Quzhou is rich in tourism resources and is known as “magic landscape, famous city of Quzhou”. There are more than 150 scenic spots in the territory, including Jianglang Mountain, Lanke Mountain, and Longyou Grottoes. In 1994, it was named a national historical and cultural city by the State Council.

In 2012 and 2013, it was selected as one of the top ten livable cities in China for two consecutive years. In 2013, it became the first batch of national circular economy demonstration cities. In November 2016, it won the honorary title of “National Top Ten Ecological Leisure Tourism Cities”. In 2017, it ranked 49th in the comprehensive well-off index of prefecture-level cities in China; in December, it entered the top 200 charming cities with Chinese characteristics.

Quzhou History and Culture

The local language

The dialect of Quzhou area belongs to Wu dialect (another saying is that Kecheng District, Qujiang District, Longyou County belong to Wu dialect Jinqu dialect, Kaihua County, Changshan County, Jiangshan City belong to Wu dialect Shangli dialect), and Quzhou dialect of the prefecture city is common.

Among them, Kecheng is divided into urban areas and suburbs; Quxian is divided into Danan Township, Xiaonan Township, Xixiang, Beixiang, etc.; Longyou is also divided into county towns, Nanxiang and Beixiang.

Quzhou dialect is spoken in Gaojia Town, Qujiang District, and Longyou dialect is spoken in Fangfang Town; there are many Jiangshan immigrants in Xiaonanmen Village in Quzhou City, and the elderly also speak Jiangshan dialect; Kaihua Huabu Town, due to the large number of non-local people, uses Chinese dialect. There are more dialects in the 28 cities in Jiangshan, and there are as many as 14 dialects in the town alone.

Quzhou has a complex geography and many historical events (wars, immigration, etc.), so there are many dialects, which are mostly influenced by northern Wu dialect, southern Anhui Hui dialect, Jiangxi Gan dialect, and Jianzhou dialect of northern Fujian dialect, etc., thus forming a complex and diverse, among which Jiangshan. Dialects can be regarded as living fossils of Chinese. Many ancient words are preserved, and they have high research value.

2. Religious belief

Quzhou has churches, temples and Taoist temples of the world’s three major religions.

Buddhism: The original Tianning Temple, Weining Temple, Hubning Temple, Mituo Temple, Xiangfu Temple, Bailian Temple, etc. in Quzhou City. Existing Tianning Temple, Dazhou Xishan Temple, Dongyue Temple, Jiuhua Mountain Lingjiu Temple, Lanke Mountain Baoyan Temple, etc.

Christianity: There are two sects of Catholicism and Protestantism in downtown Quzhou, one is on Jiaochi Street and the other is on Fushan. There is also the famous “Quzhou Lesson Plan” in history.

Mosque: Xiajie in downtown Quzhou.

Taoism: There are Tianfei Palace, Shennong Temple, Zhouwang Temple, etc. in the urban area of ​​Quzhou City.

3. Festival activities

Quzhou is located at the junction of Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Anhui. From sculpture architecture, eating habits, local folk art and folk customs are influenced by the surrounding regional culture. On the basis of inclusiveness of cultural factors such as Wuyue culture and Huizhou culture, the people of Quzhou rely on their own diligence and wisdom to form a unique local culture of Quzhou in the long historical process.

Quzhou has a long history and rich culture. A minority of villages and counties are inhabited by ethnic minorities, and the region is dominated by Han people. The local people in Quzhou basically have the same customs as most Han people. The most important things are the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Qixi Festival, Zhongyuan, Mid-Autumn Festival, Chongyang and other traditional festivals. In addition, people in Quzhou also celebrate the beginning of summer, winter solstice, June year, and mochi and other festivals.

4. Gushe Academy

Mengshan Jingshe: In the Southern Dynasties – Qi (479~502), Xu Fanzhi and Yan Yanzhi established Mengshan Jingshe in Taimo County to teach students. Famous scholar Xu Bozhen (Fanzhi’s nephew) inherited his uncle’s ambition and moved to Mengshan Jingshe in Jiuyan Mountain, following the scholars. This is the earliest record of teaching in Quzhou.

Kezhai Lecture House: Also known as Qulu Academy, it is located in today’s Lecture House Street, where Qu Shi is located. Zhu Xi and others once gave lectures here. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, Li Sui was the prefect, and he also gave lectures here when he was not involved in government affairs. The people of the latter five counties raised funds for Li Sui to build a bronze statue in the lecture place.

Qingxian Academy: Located in the academy village in the north of the city, Chen Meng, the county governor of Xianchun (1265~1274) in the Southern Song Dynasty, founded the academy in the former residence of Zhao Yi.

Luming Academy: Formerly Xi’an County School, it is located on Xianxue Street in the urban area, north of the county seat. In the fifty-third year of Emperor Qianlong’s reign (1788), Xie Zichun, the prefect of Quzhou, founded Luming Academy in Xuedong County. After several repairs, it was changed to Qiuyi Academy in the twenty-fourth year of Guangxu (1898). In 1902, it merged with Fuxue (Zhengyi Academy) as Qujun Middle School.

Jinglian Academy: In the 30th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, the academy was founded by the Neo-Confucianist Zhou Ji when he returned to his hometown Jiangshan County.

Zhengyi Academy: Formerly Quzhou Fuxue, it is located at the southwestern foot of Fushan Mountain. In the forty-seventh year of Emperor Kangxi, the prefect, Yang Tingwang, changed Purun Nunnery (nunnery) into a prefectural school, initially named Ailian Academy. In the tenth year of Qianlong (1745), the prefect Hu Wenfu was rebuilt and renamed Zhengyi Academy. In the twenty-eighth year of Guangxu (1902), it was changed to Qujun Middle School.

Keshan Academy: (Meiyan Jingshe) Meiyan, located at the foot of Lanke Mountain, during the Northern Song Dynasty-Daguan period (1107~1110) Mao You, Zheng Kejian, Zheng Waitan built their rooms here, called Meiyan Jingshe, the sixth year of Chunyou in the Southern Song Dynasty Changed to Keshan Academy. Xu Lin, a master of science, and Ma Duanlin, a historian, successively served as the head of the mountain (ie the principal). It was a famous academy in the country during the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

Baoshan Academy: Located at the foot of Majin Baoshan in Kaihua County, it was built in the Gandao period of the Southern Song Dynasty (1165~1173). In the third year of Chunxi (1176), famous scholars Lv Zuqian, Zhu Xi and others held the “Sanqu Meeting” here, which had far-reaching influence. During the Southern Song Dynasty, together with Guangxin Ehu, Nankang Ludong, and Suian Yingshan Academy, it was also called the “Four Academy” in the south of the Yangtze River.

Quzhou fun places

1. Famous Attractions

Kecheng District: There are natural stone beams in the territory, and Lanke Mountain, a fairyland of Go, such as Hong Lingfei; the Nanzong Confucius Temple with Queli weather and Zou Lu rhyme; there are “Three Eccentrics in Quzhou” recorded in Pu Songling’s “Strange Tales from a Liaozhai” There are the most well-preserved ancient city gates in the south of the Yangtze River; the famous Tianning Temple Thousand-hand Guanyin; Wuxi River Scenic Area, Jiuhua Mountain Scenic Area, Baiyun Mountain, Yingpan Mountain, Wushi Mountain Scenic Area, etc.

Qujiang District: Qunan Ziwei Mountain (Tianji Longmen, Yaowang Mountain, Guangong Mountain) and Jiutangou, Jiulong Lake (Wolong Mountain Villa, Menglong Mountain Villa, Xiangsi Island, Ring Island), Xianxia Lake, etc.; The north is the karst cave wonder exploration area, including Taizhen Cave, the “first cave in the world”, the White Pagoda Cave, Jinji Cave, etc.; Qudong is the scenic spot and scenic spot, the Jinxianyan cliff stone carvings, the dinosaur egg fossil site, Jiangxinzhou, and the western Zhejiang prairie. , Jiuxianyan, Bailuzhou, Osmanthus Rock, etc.

Changshan County: The scenery of the emerald stone forest in Sanqu Mountain can be called “the southeast of Xiujia, a must in the south of the Yangtze River”, and it has the reputation of “the first stone forest in East China”. Changshan National Geopark is one of the second batch of national geoparks in China. It contains China’s first “golden nail” profile, the Ordovician Darui Weirian global boundary stratotype profile in Huangnitang, Changshan.

Kaihua County: Qianjiangyuan Provincial Scenic Spot (Lotus Pond, Lotus Stream, Tianzi Lake, Fengloukeng, Three-Province Boundary Monument, Grand Canyon Waterfall, Thousand Mu Huangshan Qisong and other tourist attractions), Gutian Mountain National Nature Reserve, Qinjiang Scenic Area (Chinese Root Sculpture Expo Park, Lingshan Temple, Nanhu Island, Aotan New District and other tourist attractions and cultural landscapes), Xiashan Ancient Residence, Zhangwan Shengtangou Scenic Area, etc.

Longyou County: Longyou has a saying since ancient times that “East and west travel is not as good as Longyou”. Longyou Grottoes, known as the “mystery of the ages”, is a famous tourist attraction and has become the first national 4A-level tourist area in Quzhou. The Longyou Residential Garden, which gathers many ancient buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the beautiful Bamboo Sea in western Zhejiang, and the Sanmenyuan of Stone Buddha and other natural and cultural tourism resources are also uniquely endowed by nature.

Jiangshan City: National Scenic Spot, National 4A Scenic Spot – Jianglang Mountain, the only intact Huangchao Uprising site in China – Xianxia Pass, as well as Qingyang Mao’s ancestral home, security guard Dai Li’s home, Fugai Mountain, Xiali Lake , Moon Lake and more than 150 scenic spots. Jianglang Mountain is a national key scenic spot, covering five scenic spots, including Jianglang Mountain Scenic Spot, Moon Lake Scenic Spot, Xianxia Ridge Scenic Spot, Nianba Du Ancient Town, and Fugaidui Stone Cave Group.

2. Featured products

Quzhou is known as the hometown of Chinese specialty products, and each county has a number of famous brand tourism products: Kaihua paper, Kaihua root carving, Jiangshanxi inkstone, Kechengying white porcelain, etc.

Flowers, special poultry in Kecheng District; ponkan, bamboo charcoal in Qujiang District; Longyou County: bamboo shoots, huanghuali; Jiangshan City: white goose, kiwi fruit, white mushroom, bee; , root carving art.

Quzhou’s famous snack: three heads and one palm. The three heads of Quzhou are rabbit head, duck head, fish head and duck’s paw, all of which are local specialty foods in Quzhou.

Special flavor snacks: Quzhou scones, Quzhou hemp cakes, Babao dishes, Longyou rice paste, Longyou Kaiyang dried tofu, Longyou hair cakes, Mao tofu, Quzhou fried fruits, Shannen meat, Kaihua green rice cakes, Kaihua baked cakes , Changshan grapefruit, water chestnut tofu, Kaihua chestnut, Gaojia shredded radish, Quzhou ponkan, Quzhou citrus, Qu tangerine, Shuangqiao powder dry, Changshan cable noodles.

Quzhou is also a tea-producing area, and Longyou is one of the key tea-producing areas in the country, with a planting history of more than 1,500 years. Longyou Fangshan tea, Kaihua Longding tea, Quzhou Yulu tea, Jiangshan green peony, etc.