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How is the Ancient Dian Kingdom Recorded in Historical Records
“Historical Records. Biography of the Southwestern Yi” is the earliest document that records and introduces the ancient Dian Kingdom relatively completely. However, “Historical Records. The Biography of the Southwestern Yi” has a total of more than 1,600 characters, and the records related to the ancient Dian Kingdom are only a few hundred words. .
Among the many barbarians in the Southwest, Sima Qian was the only one who recorded the origin of the establishment of the ancient Dian Kingdom, and recorded that during the Warring States period, Zhuang Yao, a Chu man, entered Yunnan to establish the ancient Dian regime. For this statement, “Hanshu” basically carried on the continuation, and although the later generations are slightly different, most of them agree with Sima Qian’s point of view.
The establishment of the ancient Dian Kingdom is recorded in “Historical Records. Biography of the Southwest Yi” as follows: “At the beginning of King Wei of Chu, General Zhuang Yu led his troops to follow the river, Lueba, west of central Guizhou. He arrived at Dianchi Lake…Determined as belonging to Chu by military power. In order to repay, the Qin Dynasty attacked Chuba and Qianzhong County, and the road was blocked. Because of the return, the kings of Dian changed their obedience, followed the customs, and grew up.”
From this passage, we can see the following: A few points: first, Zhuang Yu was the founder of the ancient Dian Kingdom, around the time of King Wei of Chu; second, Zhuang Yu’s entry into Yunnan was directly related to the war of Qin State, and he became king because Qin State cut off the road back to Chu; Third, there were already ethnic groups living in the area of the ancient Dian Kingdom, and Zhuang Yu changed his hair and changed clothes, and used the army in his hand to rule the area.
The ancient Dian Kingdom in “Historical Records” was in the vast area centered on Dianchi Lake in the southwest, with a vast territory and fertile land, about 150 kilometers wide from east to west and about 400 kilometers long from north to south. The ancient Dian Kingdom was located among the barbarians in the southwest, with Qiong and Che in the north, Yelang and Qilan tribes in the east, and Kunming tribe in the west.
Regarding the main ethnic group of the ancient Dian Kingdom, Sima Qian did not clearly write clearly, and there are mainly different views such as the theory of the Di and Qiang people, the theory of the Yue people, and the theory of the Pu people. The land of the ancient Dian Kingdom was fertile and the people were rich in products. The residents settled down in farming and had basically entered into a slavery society.
The ancient Dian Kingdom was isolated from the Central Plains Dynasty for a long time, and among the various ethnic groups involved in commerce and trade, there were no products from the Dian Kingdom.
