154906History of Lamphun Province, Thailand

154906

History of Lamphun Province, Thailand

Location

It is located in the upper northern part of Thailand. away from Bangkok Along National Highway No. 11 (Asia Line) for a distance of 689 kilometers, along the National Highway on Phaholyothin Road for a distance of 724 kilometers and by railroad 729 kilometers, located between latitude 18 degrees north and longitude 99 degrees east, belonging to the group. Upper Northern Province 1 is an area with potential for development as the center of prosperity of the North and the Mekong Sub-region or economic square.

Size

Lamphun Province is the smallest province in the North with a total area of approximately 4,505.882 sq km or approximately 2,815,675 rai or 4.85% of the area. The widest area is about 43 km and the length from north to south is 136 km.

History of Lamphun Province (จังหวัดลำพูน)

Lamphun Province, formerly known as Mueang Hariphunchai It is an ancient city, about 1, 343 years, according to the Yonok chronicles, the story of the creation of Haripunchai City by Hermit Wasuthep who enlisted the Mengabutr or Mon race to build this city In the area between the two rivers, the Guang River and the Ping River, when it was completed, sent an ambassador to invite The daughter of the Lavo king, named “Chamthewi”, became the first monarch in Haripunchai. inherit the royal dynasty Later, many Until the reign of Phraya Yiba, he had lost the rule to King Mengrai the Great, who gathered the northern provinces into the Lanna Kingdom, Lamphun, although it was under the rule of the Lanna Kingdom.

But he was the one who passed on the heritage of art and culture to those who came to rule. as evidenced generally in Wiang Kum Kam Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai Lamphun is therefore still important in the arts and culture of the Lanna Kingdom. until the reign of King Taksin the Great Lamphun city has come into the Kingdom of Thailand. There were rulers who continued until the Rattanakosin era. Subsequently, after the change of government in 1932, when the last ruler, Major General Chak Kham Khajonsak, passed away. Lamphun then changed to a province. having a governor as a ruler traced to the present

“Ancient City of Hariphunchai” , the most prosperous and oldest kingdom in the north, divided into 4 eras:

Early historical period
Hariphunchai era
Lanna Era
Early Rattanakosin period

“Prehistoric”

The legendary city of Ban Wang HaiBefore the city of Lamphun or the Kingdom of Hariphunchai In the past, the territory of the Ping River Valley This Ping Nam Kuang water was formerly known as “Saman Prathet”. The incident happened a little after the Buddha’s time, or about 2,000 years ago, about the story of an ascetic hermit who traveled a long distance from the Indian subcontinent to Suvarnabhumi. came to propagate Brahmanism later interbreeding with indigenous people.

The first community was born, becoming the ancestors of the “Lua” Meng (Mon) people on the banks of Mae Raming. (Ping River) Evidence that supports the existence of humans before the Hariphunchai Kingdom is a skeleton excavated at Ban Wang Hai, Wiang Yong Subdistrict, Mueang District, Lamphun Province in 1987, which Archaeologists have found that the age between 2800 – 3, Thousands of years ago, it was classified as a human being in the late prehistoric era who knew the tradition of burial by dedicating things to the deceased for use in the Hereafter. know how to farm And settled not nomadic contacts with outside the western hemisphere is a group of Indo-Roman merchants.

It can be seen from the beads found. The necklace in the corpse is made of quartz. and the Eastern Hemisphere Restore the group of Dong Son civilization, Guangxi, North Vietnam and South China. which brought jewelry made of bronze to trade This group later became part of the population of Hariphunchai 1000 years later.

The origin of the cave man to the symbol of Lamphun painting has two geography. That is, the area of Muang, Ban Thi, Pa Sang and Wiang Nong Song. It is a lowland area with a waterfront type. Mae Tha – Thung Hua Chang – Li and Ban Hong districts are areas of steep mountain ranges. Most of them are limestone. The location is suitable for establishing the Neolithic habitat, which requires shelter from cliffs not far from the source as a cover. From the latest evidence discovered in 2009 at Doi Tae Ho Don Pha Phueng, Pa Pool Subdistrict, Ban Hong District, and Doi Pha Daeng and Doi Peacock, Sriwichai Subdistrict, Li District, including scratching the cliffs. It is a rock art footprint.

At the back of Wat Doi Saraphi, Mae Tha District, found traces of people from the Middle Stone Age to the New Stone Age, around 1,000-4, Thousands of years ago, this group of people worshiped ghosts. Seasonal migration of nomads Worshiping the invisible supernatural powers (Animism) can produce tools, stone axes – spear blades as weapons. It is important to know how to paint pictures on the cave walls in red. The color used is a mixture of pigeon blood, egg white, rubber glue, or can convey symbols by scratching the pattern with a stone ax. These images reflect the belief in the worship of footprints. funeral ceremony Chopping down trees before hunting Later, when humans began to use electricity. It changed the consumption behavior from raw meat to cooked food. There were pottery pottery for putting bow barrels and bone pots. There is a decorative scratch on the container in the shape of a crossed snake. Finally starting from the nomadic era Tribal leaders were elected and entered the agricultural society around 3,000 years ago.

“Haripunchai Era”

Hariphunchai, the first civilized city of Lanna Hariphun

Chaiyaka was the first capital of the North. It is the foundation of the most prosperous civilization delivered in every aspect to the Lanna Kingdom, from Buddhism, economy, politics, government, art, culture, military, as evidenced by stone inscriptions, legends, ancient sites, antiques, etc. This primary civilization is the birthplace of invention. Ancient Mon characters in the 15th-17th Buddhist centuries found as many as 10 main stories from stone inscriptions showing the genius of governance and religious prosperity. in terms of character styles for the alphabet in Bagan Saterem includes Burmese and Mon characters used today. In addition, it is also the origin of the Thai pattern.

Sukhothai period 400 years later And the Tham Lanna script for the northern Thai people (Thai Yuan) and later spread to the Tai Lue script, Tai Ahom, Tai Yai, Hariphunchai Nakorn are extremely prosperous and famous among the people of the East. South, which are Bagan, Nakhonwat (Khmer), Champa, Sriwichai, Nakhon Si Thammarat. Lavo and China Hariphunchai have become strategic cities that many regions have visited to build diplomatic, trade, social welfare, and well-being to a valuable cultural consensus. Haripunchai period art and culture is a perfect blend of valuable art. King of the Chamadeviwong family of Hariphunchai Nakhon He reigned for about 620 years, having a total of about 50 monarchs.

The War of the Three Cities to the Relationship of Monsawadee

When Haripunchainakhon passed through time for three centuries Lawo State, the mother city, originally used to be the Dvaravati network, was ruled by the Khmers. causing Lavo to become an enemy with Hariphunchai. During this era, the southern states spread their might from the coast to the inner mountain lowlands to expand the trade routes by waves, causing a great war between “Nakhon Si Thammarat – Lawo – Hariphunchai” until the reign of King Kamolrat Nakhon Hariphunchai had a big heck disease. Mon people of Hariphunchai fled to the city of Hongsawadee. and Saterem (Suthamwadi) for 6 years when recovering from the epidemic brought Mon people – Hongsawadee and there was a civilization transfer between the people of Mae Raming and the Salween Basin. Until there was a Loi Hamod tradition in the flooding season, which was the origin of the Loi Krathong tradition of Sukhothai. At present, Mon people from Hongsawadee still live in Ban Nong Khu. Wiang Koh Klang, Ban Ruean Subdistrict, Pa Sang District, Lamphun Province and Ban Ton Chok, Ban Nong Kob, San Pa Tong District, Chiang Mai Province

Sawadhisit, a righteous king

The 16th-17th Buddhist century is considered a prosperous era of prosperity in every aspect. Little by little the history of this era has become clearer. Not only a lot of archaeological evidence appeared. If you can still refer to the evidence of characters That is to say, the most ancient Mon-letters inscriptions were found in Thailand after the era of Athittayarat.

The Great of Hariphunchai Nakhon who unearthed the relics and established the Buddha’s relics in the middle of the city as the center of faith for the first time in the North His Royal Highness King Thammikaracha built Phra Attharos (standing 18 cubits tall) at Aranyikaram Temple (Wat Phra Yuen) until the reign of Phaya Sawathisit. or Phaya Sanphasit monarch during the reign His Highness offered the Chetawanalai Palace to build Wat Chetawanaram (Wat Don Kaeo) and married his wife and son. He built a Bodhi Tree and announced that he invited the people to support the Bodhi Tree, considered a model of later kings who followed in the footsteps of the Kalpana Palace to build a temple.

Dawn of the Buddha’s Lantern

Before the Hariphunchai Nakorn era, the Lua native people used to worship the Phi Taen. Ancestral ghost called “Phi Pu Saya Sae” is worshiped in Sa Kang. or Sao Inthakhi Later accepting Brahmanism from an ascetic hermit After the Hariphunchai era, the first Buddhism of the North was established. Until changing to the sect of Lankawong, Ramanwong, etc., all religions in Haripunchainakhon Has been transferred to other cities, including Lanna, Lan Xang, Xishuangbanna, the first beam of Buddhism has flourished since the relics of the Buddha’s relics were excavated in the part of the hairs of the Buddha’s relics at Wat Phra That Hariphu.

Current Ychai In the reign of Phaya Athitayarat Around the 16th-17th Buddhist century, he established the first Phra Borommathat Chedi in the North. In ancient royal traditions, all kings had to pay their respects to the relics of this chedi before the coronation ceremony. There is evidence that even Chinese Tibetan monks each year have to make a pilgrimage by paying homage to Phra Mahathat Chedi Hariphunchai, reflecting that Lamphun is the center of Buddhism in the Ping, Wang, Yom, Nan and Mekong-Sava basins. Win until today Lamphun has become the center of Buddhist civilization of the Lanna Kingdom.

The religious places that appear today are: Wat Phra That Hariphunchai Wat Phra Phutthabat Tak Pha in Pa Sang District and Wat Phra Phutthabat Huai Tom in Li District, etc. The Grand Chedi in Wat Phra That Haripunchai is believed to be the oldest chedi by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej has honored and established this chedi as well as inscribed as one of the eight chedi. The most famous chedi in Thailand Wat Phra That Hariphunchai is also known as It is also a relic of the pagoda of the zodiac of those born in the year of the Rooster. He has praised and established this chedi as well as inscribed as one of the eight pagodas. The most famous chedi in Thailand Wat Phra That Hariphunchai is also known as It is also a relic of the pagoda of the zodiac of those born in the year of the Rooster. Has praised and established this chedi as well as inscribed as one of the eight pagodas. The most famous chedi in Thailand Wat Phra That Hariphunchai is also known as It is also a relic of the pagoda of the zodiac of those born in the year of the Rooster.

Chamadevi : Mae Mueang – Ming Muang

After the collapse of the city “Samanyaprathet” with a lack of virtuous leaders A group of ascetic ascetics who played a role in building the city from the beginning. Has restored a new home in about 1204 BC named “Hari Punchai Nakhon” by inviting the daughter of the King of Lawo named “Phra Nang Chamadevi” became the first king in the year B.E. 1206 Her Majesty brought the Dvaravati high civilization up the Ping River to the northern region of Thailand for the first time. far, with the construction of temples scattered throughout the land He also extended prosperity to various basins. For example, the city of Klang Khon Nakhon – Alampang (Lampang) of the Wang River, Wiang Thao, Wiang Tha Kan, Wiang Mano, Wiang Hod, at the end of his life, abdicated the throne to the twin sons “Chao Mahantayot Chao Ananyot” ” to rule the Khwaewan Hariphunchai-Klang people in the city while he held the precepts The good deeds that He has done are pervasive. Until receiving the nickname “Phra Mae Mueang – Phra Ming Muang” by the people of Haripunchai.

“Lanna Era”

the end of the sunsetHariphunchainakhon has passed the glorious time for six centuries, with the reputation of the richness of the chakra making it the destination of “Phaya Mangrai”, the ruler of the province. “Hiran Nakhon Ngoen Yang” in the city of Chiang Rai in the year 1824. Phaya Mangrai raised a strong army to burn the region of Hariphunchai until it was destroyed during the “Phaya Yeeba” reign, but Phaya Mengrai was not at the place. Haripunchai City by reasoning that it is a city of relics Another reason Chaiyaphum is not suitable as a small city.

The expansion of the city was difficult, so Ai Fah or Khun Fa ruled the city of Hariphunchai instead and moved the new capital to “Wiang Cha Wee” or “Wiang Chae Jiang Kum” and moved to “Wiang Kum Kam” and “Nopburi Nakhon Ping Chiang Mai” in the year B.E. 1839 by the annexation of Haripunchai and Yonok with Chiang Mai as the center As for Hariphunchai, it is the religious center by having to restore Phra That Hariphunchai and build a Mondop Prasat that Phaya Sapsit built to be 32 cubits high and offer his servants to Wat Phra That Hariphun. victory and ordered all subsequent Chiang Mai kings to take care of the restoration of Wat Phra That Haripunchai later

In the year 1990, the reign of the royal family of Chiang Mai. The ninth Mangrai dynasty took over Phra Maha Methangkorn to supervise the restoration and reinforce the relics by improving the relics from the Prasat-shaped chedi to the bell-shaped or Lankan-style chedi in the Lankawong style of Buddhism. of Chiang Mai by building a chedi up to 32 cubits, widened to 52 cubits, the shape seen today in the year 2011, during the Phra Muang Kaew period. King of Chiang Mai The 11th Mangrai family has performed royal merit at Wat Phra That Haripunchai every year. have been advertising the farm Paid to buy gold overlaid Phra That Chedi in copper weighing nineteen hundred eighty-five thousand four hundred baht, two salungs and then lacquered with gold leaf. to build a royal temple Then build a fence around the Buddha’s relics (Sattabanchorn), a balcony of 500 spears, and the troops demolished and built the city wall of Haripunchai with bricks in the year 2016 to protect it from the dangers of Ayutthaya.

until reaching Samphaya Kuena King of Lanna the 6th, took the royal Sumon Thera from Sukhothai in the year Came to remember the Buddhist Lent at Wat Phra Yuen, 1912, Mueang Haripunchai first When building Wat Buppharam (Suan Dok), Phra Sumon Thera came to stay here until his death in 1932. It is considered that Phra Sumon Thera had laid the foundation of Langkawong Buddhism in Chiang Mai as the center instead of the original sect ( Ramanwong) with Haripunchai as the center of the original city and in later times Phaya Saen Mueang Ma, in the year 1951, had royal duties in the maintenance of Buddhism. Please cover the relics of Chedi Haripunchai with gold sheets weighing two hundred and ten thousand baht or 252 kilograms.

“Early Rattanakosin Era”

The use of political tactics between Lanna (Chiang Mai) and Siam Country was outspoken. The northern governor made great efforts to preserve Lanna. but could not resist the threat on the side of Siam Because Siam has used many methods to unite Lanna into one, such as sending foreign lawyers and religious doctors to live in Chiang Mai. also sent the governor of three cities to come regularly

After the Siam Central Government had signed the Baaring Treaty With England in the year 1855 (the reign of King Rama IV), British companies had the right to enter into a timber concession in Lanna. Just asking for permission directly to the governor until a number of disputes arise between the governor of Chiang Mai and the central government logging company that the benefits of logging to Westerners are huge income. Therefore, the Treaty of Chiang Mai was made twice, in 1873 and 1883, the content of which was to reduce the power of the ruler of Chiang Mai to not play a role in the concession. ready to send staff from the central area to take care of Chiang Mai and established the Royal Forest Department here in the year 1894, that situation was an important cause for the reform of the country’s governance.

By consolidating all administrative powers to the central Reduce the role of the northern lord Abolish the status of a city The royal country is organized into a governing body called a “county” by sending government officials from the central government to rule until Chao Dara Direk Ratanaphairot. The seventh ruler of Lamphun has died. There has been a power struggle. Among the heirs, it is a good opportunity for the central government to take advantage of excuses to reorganize the administration of Lamphun. completely

“In the era of picking vegetables, put me in the city”After expelling Burma from Lanna Phaya Sergeant Ban was appointed. to be governor of Chiang Mai and Phaya Kawila to be governor of Lampang by the ceremony performed at Phra That Haripunchai Temple Chiang Mai was able to govern itself as the royal city of the Kingdom of Siam. But at the same time, Burma has not completely lost power. Keep coming and threatening Chiang Mai. Phaya Cha Ban, with a small population, could not fight with the Burmese, so they persuaded each other to leave the country. and fled to live with Chao Jed Ton in Lampang when Phaya Cha Ban died. King Krungthonburi appointed Phaya Kawila to rule Chiang Mai instead in the year B.E. 1782, at that time, Chiang Mai was a deserted city.

Burma is still influential. In order to restore Chiang Mai, it is a serious problem, Phaya Kawila has to gradually. Assemble your troops firmly. By asking people from Lampang and a number of other commoners to use Wiang Pa Sang as a stronghold to gather people called “Collecting Homtoms” Phaya Kawila spent 14 years collecting villagers, so he was able to rebuild and establish Chiang Mai in the year 2345 and revitalize Lamphun, appointing Phayaburirat Khamfan. is the governor of Lamphun named Phaya Lamphunchai By bringing 500 people from Lampang, another 1,000 from Chiang Mai, and forcibly forcing 10,000 young people to live in Lamphun, opposite Phra That Chao Haripunchai.

On the other side of the Kuang River, these young people later became weavers. craftsman slaughter An important player in the restoration of Lanna culture to Lamphun. 2345 and restored Lamphun to a new city, appointing Phaya Burirat Khamfan as the governor of Lamphun named Phaya Lamphunchai and Chao Bunma, the youngest brother of Chao Chet Ton, as the Viceroy. By bringing 500 people from Lampang, another 1,000 from Chiang Mai, and forcibly forcing 10,000 young people to live in Lamphun, opposite Phra That Chao Haripunchai.

Besides the young people There was another group of people who had been forcibly brought in during the time when Phaya Kawila was in Wiang Pa Sang. It is a group of towns in the west along the Kong River, namely Ban Satoi Soi Rai, Ban Wang Lung, Wang Kat, probably Lua people, Meng people, and the other group is Tai Yai people from Mueang Pu, Mueang Pun, Mueang Sad, Mueang Nai, Mueang Chawad, Mueang.

Duck, the group that followed later was the Tai Khoen people from Kengtung. And gradually came in another wave to escape the war is the Tai Lue group in Ban Thi district. Luay people from Ban On Luay In this era, historians dubbed the era. “Put the vegetables in Keep me in the city.” The immigration continued until after the Great East Asia War, an influx of young people. And the Lue people have ended when the border demarcation of Thailand – China – Burma – Laos is clearly defined. And now the city of Yong depends on the rule of the Union of Myanmar.

Territory

North connects with Saraphi District, San Kamphaeng District, Chiang Mai Province.
The south connects with Thoen District, Lampang Province and Sam Ngao District, Tak Province.
East contact with Hang Chat District, Sop Prap District, Serm Ngam District, Lampang Province
The west is in contact with Hot District, Chom Thong District, Hang Dong District, San Pa Tong District, Chiang Mai Province.

Area conditions and topography

The topography of the province is generally flat valleys and flat mountainous areas in the northwest of the province. part of the Chiang Mai-Lamphun Basin Or the plains of the Ping River, the Kuang River, is the location of Mueang Lamphun District, Pa Sang District. Lamphun’s city center is 290.29 meters above sea level, moderate and north of Ban Hong District. with an average height of 200 – 400 meters above sea level.

The area gradually slopes higher in the middle. southeast and south west from Mae Tha District Southern part of Ban Hong District Thung Hua Chang District and Li District are characterized by high plateaus and high mountains with an elevation between 400 – 800 meters or more. The elevation decreases when entering the plains in Li District at an altitude of about 400 – 800 meters and then gradually raises. rising to the south Which is the border with Lampang and Tak provinces at an altitude of 600 – 1,000 meters.

Climatic Characteristics

Lamphun Province is located in the North. which, according to its location, is in the tropics that tend to warm climate In winter, the weather is quite cold. but because it is deep in The land is far from the sea, so there is a long dry season and the weather is hot to very hot in summer.

Lamphun Province has a distinctly different climate in 3 seasons: March. and April is hot May to October There will be a lot of rain in the rainy season. and during November February is cold as winter. which winter and summer is a dry season With a continuous period of about 6 months, during the rainy season for another 6 months, the weather is not as hot as in summer and not as cold as winter, meaning there is a moderate temperature between the two seasons.

Subdivision

Lamphun Province is divided into 8 districts, 51 sub-districts, 577 villages, 1 provincial administrative organization, 1 city municipality, 39 sub-district municipalities, 17 sub-district administrative organizations and 17 communities.