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The Literary Achievements of the Hurricane Dash Movement

The Hurricane Rush Movement was an all-moral literary movement that occurred in Germany in the 1770s. It was the continuation and development of the German Enlightenment movement. It took a step forward in anti-feudalism and emphasized the national character of literature. With the further awakening of German bourgeois national consciousness.

The term “Hurricane Rush” comes from playwright Klinger’s play “Hurricane Rush”, which sang the heroic act of rebelling against society and advocated advancing in the storm. Most of the writers of this school are young people with a fanatical individualistic resistance. They are good at capturing themes from national history, advocating feelings, and pursuing individual liberation.

The works of the hurricane dash have strong romanticism and sentimentalism. Due to the constraints of political and economic conditions, this movement was limited to the field of literature and did not become a national political movement. It declined rapidly in the mid-1980s.

The literary achievements of the Hurricane Rush movement are mainly in the aspect of drama .

Young Goethe and Schiller are important representatives of German literature in this period. Goethe’s historical drama “The Iron Hand Knight Gertz von Belchingen”, epistolary novel “The Sorrows of Young Werther” and Schiller’s play “The Robber” , “Conspiracy and Love” and so on represent the main achievements of German literature during the Hurricane Dash Movement. Engels enthusiastically praised these works as “permeating the spirit of rebellion against the entire German society of the time”.

Schiller (1759-1805) was an outstanding German poet and playwright, and a representative of the hurricane literary movement. “The Robber” and “Conspiracy and Love” are Schiller’s two most successful early works. His later works mainly include the large-scale historical drama “Wallenstein” trilogy and two patriotic plays “The Girl of Orleans” and “William Retirement”. you”.

“The Robber” is Schiller’s famous work. It mainly describes the story of the noble young Karin who broke with his family and threw himself into the green forest, fantasizing the story of reshaping society by robbing the rich and helping the poor. On the title page of the second edition of the script, he wrote: “Down with tyranny. He also quoted the dictum of the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates: “What medicine cannot cure, use iron; and what iron cannot cure, use fire”, which reflects the theme of the play against feudal tyranny.

Engels spoke highly of the play, saying that it “praises a heroic youth who openly declared war on the whole society”.

“Conspiracy and Love” is Schiller’s most mature work in his youth. The script, by describing the love tragedy between the aristocratic youth Ferdinand and the commoner girl Louise, exposes the sinister and vicious behavior of the feudal aristocracy and competes for power, and expresses the author’s opposition to the feudal hierarchy. , the strong desire for freedom and equality, concentrated on the fierce conflict between the German bourgeoisie and the feudal aristocratic ruling class in the 18th century.

Engels considered it “the first politically oriented drama in Germany”.

“William Tell” is an important work of Schiller in the later period. The script is based on the folklore of Switzerland in the 14th century. It describes the struggle of the Swiss people against the reactionary rule of Austria. It has a strong patriotic spirit and practical significance. Under the situation of the increasingly serious national crisis in Germany at that time, the passion for resisting national oppression and striving for freedom showed in the script greatly inspired the German people.

Goethe (1749-1832) was the greatest poet and playwright in the history of German literature and one of the outstanding representatives in the history of European literature. Born in a bourgeois family in Frankfurt, he was influenced by the French Enlightenment during his university years and met Helder, the leader of the Hurricane Rush movement.

After graduating from college in 1771, he devoted himself to the hurricane movement. During this period, his works were full of rebellious spirit. The historical drama “Iron Knight Gertz von Bellchingen” portrayed the protagonist as a man who resisted feudal tyranny and was deeply loved by the people. The beloved hero expresses the author’s desire for national unity, freedom and equality.

The epistolary novel “The Sorrows of Young Werther” is Goethe’s outstanding contribution to the Hurricane movement. The protagonist of the novel, Werther, is a young citizen who is awakening. He is ambitious, loves life, longs for happiness and pure love, but the feudal hierarchy traps him In the painful lovelorn, in order to get rid of the pain, he fully devoted himself to his work, but the surrounding environment gave him discrimination and indifference. The disillusionment of love and the failure of his career made him pessimistic and hopeless, and finally he committed suicide to get rid of his troubles, expressing his resistance to the sinful society.

Through Werther’s short and tragic life, Goethe showed the sharp conflict between the bourgeoisie’s pursuit of individual liberation and freedom of love and the strict feudal hierarchy, and exposed the darkness of feudal society and the destruction of human nature. Werther’s image embodies the weakness of the bourgeoisie’s hazy revolutionary demands and its inability to change the status quo.

As soon as the novel was published, it had strong repercussions in Germany and Western Europe, becoming the first work in the history of German literature that caused international influence.

After 1794, Goethe and Schiller worked closely together to promote the prosperity of German classical literature. He successively completed the first part of “Wilhelm Meister”, the long narrative poems “Hermann Dou Lutai” and “Floating”. The first part of Shide.

In his later years, Goethe lived a reclusive life, but he still devoted himself to writing, completing the second part of “Wilhelm Meister” and the second part of “Faust”, in addition, he also wrote the novel “Intimacy” , autobiography “Poetry and Truth”, “Italian Travel Notes” and poetry collection “West-East Collection”, etc.

The philosophical poetic drama “Faust” is Goethe’s representative work. It took the poet’s whole life and is the crystallization of Goethe’s life in thought and art. The poetry drama is divided into two parts, with 12,111 lines. The whole play shows the enterprising spirit of the advanced elements of the bourgeoisie to actively seek freedom and happiness with the life of Faust’s hard exploration. At the same time, the poetic drama also exposed the decay and decline of the feudal autocratic kingship, criticized the feudal ethics and the cruelty of the Catholic Church.

In terms of artistic creation, Goethe took German folklore as the theme and based on the German real society, combined realism and romanticism skillfully, and composed a colorful historical picture, so the works have eternal artistic charm .

On March 22, 1832, Goethe died at the age of 83. He is not only an outstanding representative of German Enlightenment literature, but also an advocate of the Hurricane Movement, the Classical Literature Movement and the Romantic Literature Movement. He has made outstanding contributions to German and world literature. Engels called him “the greatest German”. .