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Dengue

Dengue

Dengue fever is transmitted to humans by a female Aedes mosquito. Those who have been infected will have high fever and red rash all over the body. may have anorexia or feeling tight around the right ribcage Some people with severe symptoms may die.

Dengue is a viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. The primary vectors that transmit the disease are Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and, to a lesser extent, Ae. albopictus. The virus responsible for causing dengue, is called dengue virus (DENV).

Each year, dengue fever, or dengue fever , kills millions of people around the world. Although the disease is most common in Southeast Asian countries and the Western Pacific Islands, But it has spread rapidly to Latin America and the Caribbean.

Dengue fever or dengue fever is transmitted to humans by a female mosquito vector. Those who have been infected will have high fever and red rash all over the body. and in cases where the symptoms are not severe The patient may have only muscle and joint pain without any other symptoms other than fever. Some people may have anorexia, discomfort or a feeling of tightness in the right ribcage. Some patients with severe symptoms may experience an acute drop in blood pressure or even death. This severe form of dengue fever is known as dengue fever. Dengue hemorrhagic fever

Dengue fever or dengue hemorrhagic fever is caused by the dengue virus which can be divided into 4 strains namely DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 which are all deadly and deadly strains. There is currently no vaccine or drug for direct treatment of dengue or dengue fever. However, researchers are continuing to research and develop vaccines to protect against dengue or dengue. But the best way to prevent dengue fever or dengue fever is to reduce the mosquito-borne population.

The situation in Thailand

Thailand has reported cases of dengue fever or dengue fever for more than 50 years. Today, dengue or dengue infection has spread across the country. By 2020, approximately 140,000 people will be infected with dengue. This is similar to the outbreak of dengue fever in 2015, where the most common strains are DENV-1 and DENV-2 and are likely to continue spreading. or dengue fever is still a group of school-age children (5-14 years), but adults (aged 35 years and older) are at risk that when sick, it can be fatal. especially in adults and the elderly who already have other chronic diseases

What are the symptoms of dengue or dengue fever patients?

mild cases Patients, especially children and adolescents, do not show much symptoms. But four to seven days after being bitten by a mosquito-borne mosquito, the body temperature rises to 104 degrees Fahrenheit (40 degrees Celsius), which is severe and potentially dangerous. and consult a doctor immediately. In addition, some patients may have the following symptoms:

• have a headache
• squeamish
• vomit
• have swollen lymph nodes (rare)
• red rash all over the body
• muscle pain bones and joints
• pain behind the eyes

Most patients recover from their illness in a week or slightly longer. However, some people may experience worsening symptoms to death. In the latter case, a serious infection-related complication results in fluid leaking into the blood vessels throughout the body and followed by a drop in blood pressure. However, in patients with severe symptoms, there will be a decrease in the coagulation of blood clot cells or platelets in the bloodstream, resulting in patients with bleeding more easily than usual or bleeding that is difficult to stop or finds bruising. Blood on the skin or lining of the mouth or eyelids This condition is known as dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock hemorrhagic fever.

Patients with severe dengue hemorrhagic fever may have additional symptoms as follows:

• feel tired
• Frequent and frequent vomiting
• severe stomach pain
• Bleeding from the gums and nose
• Shortness of breath and difficulty breathing
• in shock have cool and moist skin
• Bleeding with stool vomiting or urinating
• There are bruises that may be caused by bleeding under the skin.
• Feeling unwell and easily irritable

When to see a doctor

If you’ve traveled to an area with a dengue outbreak and have symptoms such as severe stomach pain, severe vomiting, trouble breathing, or bleeding from your gums or nose. You should see a doctor immediately.

What are the causes of dengue fever or dengue fever?

When the Aedes mosquito bites a person infected with dengue or dengue fever. That mosquito will receive the infection. and when biting others Others will also be infected with dengue fever or dengue fever from this mosquito.

Humans can develop immunity to prevent recurrence of dengue fever or dengue fever approximately 6 months after infection. The body can be immune to all strains of infection. But after that the total immunity will be reduced to only immunity to the strain that caused the previous infection. Therefore, people who have been infected with dengue fever can still be re-infected if they are infected with different strains later.

What are the risk factors for dengue or dengue fever?

Two risk factors for dengue fever or dengue fever that can lead to more severe forms include:

Live or travel in areas at risk of dengue or dengue outbreaks, such as tropical or subtropical countries. This increases the chances of contracting dengue or dengue virus.
It is more likely that the condition will become more severe if the dengue virus or dengue virus is re-infected.

How do doctors diagnose disease?

Dengue fever or dengue fever may not be easy to diagnose as the signs and symptoms can be similar to other diseases, such as common viral infections, malaria, leptospirosis, typhoid fever, etc.

If there are signs and symptoms of the disease mentioned above. The doctor may need to perform a few additional tests, such as asking about the patient’s health and travel history. You should also inform your doctor about your travel history in more detail, such as which countries you have traveled to. including date and time and places to travel to see if there is a chance of infection

As the foregoing signs and symptoms may cause a misdiagnosis, the doctor may recommend that some patients undergo additional laboratory tests to confirm that they are indeed infected with the dengue virus.

How can dengue or dengue fever be treated?

At present, there is no specific treatment for dengue or dengue fever patients. The doctor will advise the patient to drink plenty of fluids to prevent the loss of fluid from constant vomiting and high fever.

Even if the fever gets better The doctor may still recommend that the patient be closely monitored for signs of dehydration. If you have the following signs or symptoms See a doctor immediately:

• less urine
• Tears are almost nonexistent or there are no tears.
• dry mouth or lips
• Drowsiness or dizziness
• cold and decreased consciousness

Your doctor may prescribe paracetamol. or acetaminophen Acetaminophen, such as tylenol and others, can help relieve pain and reduce fever. Pain relievers with aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen are not recommended because they may increase the risk of acetaminophen. can bleed a lot In severe cases of dengue, the patient should:

Be Hospitalized Immediately

Get saline and electrolytes into the veins.
Measure your blood pressure as recommended by your doctor.
undergo a blood transfusion to replace the loss of blood

How to prevent dengue or dengue infection

Prevention and control measures for dengue fever or dengue fever should focus primarily on disease prevention, such as controlling mosquito breeding grounds. Both in homes, communities and important places, especially in schools and hospitals. The Aedes larvae carrier population index should be zero or nonexistent. And the best time to prepare for the removal of mosquito breeding sites is from January to April because it is the time when the disease is least spread. before entering the epidemic during the rainy season (May-August).

Currently, more than 65% of registered dengue vaccines are effective against all strains of dengue fever or dengue fever. Thailand has been using the vaccine available in this registry since 2017, data from public and private hospitals found. Side effects were reported in only 0.22 percent of the vaccinated subjects among all mild cases. The World Health Organization recommends the use of these vaccines in people aged 9-45 years and people who have previously been exposed to dengue or dengue. the person goes.