151440

Gastrointestinal Diseases

Gastrointestinal diseases

Most gastrointestinal diseases are preventable. Early detection yields satisfactory results.

The gastrointestinal tract begins at the mouth, through various parts of the body, and ends at the anus. The gastrointestinal tract consists of the esophagus, which passes through the chest and important abdominal organs such as the stomach, intestines, liver, bile duct, gallbladder, pancreas, appendix, and rectum.

People generally see a doctor when they are unwell or have gastrointestinal symptoms such as food poisoning, nausea, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, jaundice, heartburn, indigestion, bloating, abdominal pain, and constipation. feel very sick should immediately see a doctor Gastrointestinal diseases Most are preventable. Early detection yields satisfactory results.

Gastrointestinal symptoms It may or may not be related to cancer, such as bright red blood in the toilet bowl or after cleaning. It may be caused by hemorrhoids or colon cancer.

colon cancer In almost all patients, it is caused by a common, non-cancerous polyp. which grows from the inner wall of the colon or rectum These colon polyps usually cause no symptoms, but can cause pain, soreness, ulceration, and bleeding. Cancer develops as these polyps get larger. The cells become cancerous and invade surrounding tissues. In Thailand, colon cancer is the fourth most common cancer. after liver cancer, lung cancer, and breast cancer with more than 11,000 new cases per year

One of the characteristics of colon cancer is that it is caused by a primary polyp that has not been cancerous for a long time. It goes through several stages of transformation before cancer develops. This gives us time to remove these polyps before they become cancerous. This is because most polyps and primary colon cancer are usually asymptomatic. Colon cancer screening should therefore begin when there are no symptoms. If you have symptoms That means the disease has progressed to the late stage. The cancer usually invades through the colon wall and can spread to the lymph nodes, liver and lungs. More severe cancers spread faster.

Cancerous growth in the colon wall and nearby organs can cause symptoms such as blood in the stool, irritable bowel syndrome, slender stool size, abdominal pain, weight loss, or constant feeling of tiredness.

Factors that increase your risk of colon cancer include:

• Eating processed red meat or charred meat
• Obesity, especially those with a lot of abdominal fat
• Smoking
• Drinking too much alcohol
• Age is an important risk factor. The risk will increase from the age of 40-50 years onwards.
• Having a first-order relative is colon cancer

Colon cancer is curable if found and treated early. It is one of the most effective screening methods for colon cancer. A colonoscopy is a colonoscopy , where a tiny video camera and light are attached that allow the doctor to see and examine the entire inner surface of the intestinal wall. If suspected lesions are found The doctor will insert the instrument through a special channel in the camera to remove the biopsy for examination. And if a polyp is found, the doctor can remove the polyp during the diagnosis. Most polyps have a small, slender base. The doctor can use a small electrical snare to easily cut off the polyp. This procedure takes 30-60 minutes. The doctor will prescribe medication to cause the patient to have moderate sedation , that is , the patient will be asleep throughout the colonoscopy. without any discomfort.

Colonoscopy is suitable for

• Bowel disease screening: This is a diagnostic test to determine the cause of abdominal pain. rectal bleeding chronic diarrhea and other intestinal problems
• Colon cancer screening: in people aged 45 years and older, or earlier in people at high risk.
• Screening for additional polyps : Periodic follow-up colonoscopy is recommended for patients who have previously had polyps removed. If a new polyp is found, then cut it out. can prevent cancer
• General treatment : Sometimes colonoscopy is done for therapeutic purposes.

Before colonoscopy The patient’s colon must be cleaned first. If there is residual stool in the intestines will obscure the inner wall surface of the colon and rectum May cause miss seeing the lesions.

to clean the colon The doctor will ask the patient to do the following:

• Eat special meals as prescribed before the examination. By refraining from eating normal food 1 day before the examination Can only drink water or clear soup
• Use a laxative. Your doctor will prescribe a large amount (2-4 liters) of laxative.
• Adjust the medication you are taking Prior to the visit, tell the doctor if the patient has any medications they are taking on a regular basis. Your doctor may prescribe certain medications.

After laparoscopy, The patient recovers from anesthesia for approximately 1 hour during the first 24 hours after the examination. should not drive by yourself The patient should bring a friend or relative to help drive the car home instead. Because before the drug wears off, it takes about 1 full day. Patients may feel bloated. or frequent farting for 2-3 hours after the examination to drain the air that fills the intestines during the examination Walking can help relieve symptoms. If the polyp is removed The doctor will advise the patient to eat a special diet temporarily.

what patients can do To prevent gastrointestinal problems and the risk of colon cancer, including:

• Avoid caffeine and foods that cause gastrointestinal symptoms.
• Add vegetables, fruits, fiber-rich foods to your meals and eat less meat and animal fats.
• Exercise regularly Moderate physical activity or physical activity is helpful.
• Keep your weight within the range Obesity is a major risk factor for colon cancer.

However, these may not be enough to prevent colon cancer entirely, so colonoscopy is necessary. Starting at the age of 45 years old onwards

Colonoscopy can help prevent, detect and treat disease before symptoms appear. Colonoscopy can remove all non-cancerous polyps. without feeling pain Helps to detect lesions in the inner wall of the colon such as polyps, lumps, ulcers, enteritis, cystic fibrosis. abnormal blood vessels and infection

Colon cancer in its early stages can be completely eliminated through endoscopy. If not found from the beginning Cancer can spread to many organs. Metastatic cancer requires surgery and complex treatment. Patients who have been diagnosed with local cancer or early-stage cancer is more likely to be cured than those with late-stage or metastatic cancer Early detection gives a chance of a cure. This is possible with colonoscopy at appropriate intervals.